MONTHLY REVIEW No. 77

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GMWATCH MONTHLY REVIEW No. 77

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Monthly Review editor Claire Robinson
Website: http://www.gmwatch.org
Profiles: http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/GM_Watch:_Portal
Twitter: http://twitter.com/GMWatch
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CONTENTS
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RESOURCES
INDIA: BT BRINJAL APPROVAL SCANDAL
FEEDING THE WORLD
RESEARCH
REST OF THE MONTH’S NEWS

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RESOURCES
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+ UPDATED 10 REASONS
We've updated our easy to read and carefully referenced leaflet, "10 reasons why we don't need GM foods":
http://www.gmwatch.org/10-reasons-why-we-dont-need-gm-foods
If you want to print it as a leaflet for distribution, download a PDF: http://bit.ly/dzm5c0

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INDIA: BT BRINJAL APPROVAL SCANDAL
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+ OVER 100,000 INDIANS FAST TO STOP BT BRINJAL AND PROTECT INDIA'S FOOD SOVEREIGNTY
On Martyrs' day, 30 January, over 100,000 Indians observed a nationwide one-day fast and candle lit vigil to emphasise that the hard-won independence led by Mahatma Gandhi cannot be lost now to agri-business MNCs, with their technologies like GM seeds. "Remember the Mahatma, Stop Bt Brinjal and Protect India's Seed & Food Sovereignty" was their message.
http://gmwatch.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11901:more-than-100000-indians-fast-against-gm-crops
http://bit.ly/a55a7C

+ INDIA'S CITIZENS RECLAIM DEMOCRATIC PROCESS ON GM BRINJAL
Ever felt that the approval of GM crops and foods by GM 'regulators' across the world has lacked transparency, due democratic process, and scientific rigour?

Then take a look at India for a lesson in how we can begin to take back the power we've given away to corporations and their bought-and-owned politicians and scientists.

In recent weeks we've put onto our website (http://www.gmwatch.org/ - Latest News) documents from independent scientists and other experts submitted to the Indian government, commenting on its Expert Committee's (EC II) recent recommendation for approval of commercialisation of GM Bt brinjal (aubergine/eggplant). Links to these documents are below, in THE REAL EVIDENCE ON BT BRINJAL.

The approval process appeared to be based on junk science generated by the GM company Mahyco (a subsidiary of Monsanto), who created the GM Bt brinjal in question. Their data was not made fully public or independently evaluated.

When the approval announcement met with public outcry, the Minister for the Environment and Forests, Jairam Ramesh, intervened and launched a public consultation and review process.

In response, a group of citizens, independent scientists, and other experts stepped into the knowledge gap to shine a light on the questions and problems around Bt brinjal that Mahyco and its friends in the Indian government didn't want the public to know about.

More background from Aruna Rodrigues (lead petitioner in the public interest lawsuit on GMOs before the Supreme Court of India):
http://gmwatch.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11898:indias-citizens-reclaim-democratic-process-on-gmos
http://bit.ly/aTXCzH

+ THE REAL EVIDENCE ON BT BRINJAL
NEW: Prof. Seralini's answer to ECII Report submitted to GEAC on Bt brinjal - Parts I & 2
http://bit.ly/bt2l9H
http://bit.ly/d4h03W

Response to conclusions of the Expert Committee on Bt Brinjal - microbiologist Dr Johannes Manjrekar
http://bit.ly/bzVN2V

Why Bt brinjal should not be allowed into the food supply - Immunologist and biologist Dr David Schubert
http://bit.ly/c7cRjI

Health effects and risks of Bt foods/Conflicts of interest in Bt brinjal approval - health professionals' letter to minister
http://bit.ly/cIsaXN

Effects on health of transgenic Bt brinjal - CRIIGEN member Dr Joël Spiroux de Vendômois, MD
http://bit.ly/b7dXAd

Bt brinjal health risks - Dr Arpad Pusztai
http://bit.ly/bFziyy

No long-term safety research on Bt brinjal - Letter to Indian Council of Medical Research from Aruna Rodrigues
http://bit.ly/9lVs88

Mealy Bug Plagues Bt Cotton in India and Pakistan: The new menace that came with Bt cotton Dr Mae-Wan Ho
http://bit.ly/cKJ5c8

Bt cotton and livestock: health impacts - Dr Sagari R Ramdas (paper)
http://bit.ly/aTL1ho

Bt cotton and livestock deaths: Letter from Sagari R Ramdas to environment minister
http://bit.ly/cWJcYf

Bt brinjal and absence of safety testing - addendum from Dr Sagari R Ramdas
http://bit.ly/bO1l4Q

Molecular characterization of Bt brinjal "inadequate", results "unpredictable" - genetic engineer Dr David Williams
http://bit.ly/bO2f9h

Comment on the risk assessment of Bt brinjal - Dr Doug Gurian-Sherman
http://bit.ly/by1OFl

Bt brinjal analysis "too poorly conducted" to assume safety - Prof Jack Heinemann - Part I
http://bit.ly/ct9rPc

Bt brinjal analysis "too poorly conducted" to assume safety - Prof Jack Heinemann - Part II
http://bit.ly/cT2wrP

Risk assessment of toxins derived from Bt - important peer reviewed study Christoph Then
http://bit.ly/a3ngla

Is this what Indians should be trusting? The story of the Expert Committee that recommended Bt Brinjal Kavitha Kuruganti
http://bit.ly/d1W17V

Response to Expert Committee on Bt brinjal - Kavitha Kuruganti - Part I
http://bit.ly/agV18j

Response to Expert Committee on Bt brinjal - Kavitha Kuruganti - Part II
http://bit.ly/9Nt3hN

Response to Expert Committee on Bt brinjal - Kavitha Kuruganti - Part III
http://bit.ly/8XTbXN

Response to Expert Committee on Bt brinjal - Kavitha Kuruganti - Part IV
http://bit.ly/cBwptf

Appeal by farmers' group representative on Bt brinjal to minister
http://bit.ly/9tyY5Q

"GM Facts" from farmers' group representative to environment minister
http://bit.ly/duWjJR

Organic cotton contaminated by GM cotton
http://bit.ly/bEmete

Non-GM soy contaminated by GM cotton and export impact
http://bit.ly/c60XoZ

NOTE: There is also an excellent collection of expert responses on Bt brinjal and its regulatory approval at http://www.indiagminfo.org/four/experts-feedback.htm

+ "FATHER OF GREEN REVOLUTION" SWAMINATHAN SAYS NO TO GM BRINJAL
The so-called Father of the Green Revolution, Prof M S Swaminathan, who is not adverse to GM crops, has said that Bt brinjal should not be introduced for three reasons, according to a report of Indian poet and environmentalist Smt Sugathakumari.

Swaminathan reportedly said:
* an independent government owned testing facility has not done the tests, and it was based on only privately generated data (he reminded Sugathakumari of his own recommendations in 2004 of setting up an internationally qualified lab for this purpose)
* consumption of thoroughly untested Bt Brinjal is like the case of tobacco - a chronic dosage issue
*Bt brinjal should not be introduced in any agro-biodiversity hotspots, as it will destroy the indigenous varieties.  
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11863:swaminathan-says-qnoq-to-bt-brinjal
http://bit.ly/8kbfjb

+ BIOTECH'S COLONISATION BY CONTAMINATION
Indian biotechnologists have warned that GM brinjal could enter the Indian market illegally if the government refuses or delays approval for commercialisation.

"We have several instances of how transgenic crops under field trials or being tested in labs have found their way to farmer fields even before they are formally approved and commercialised. The Indian authorities should permit commercialisation of transgenic brinjal before this (brinjal) makes illegal entry into our farms and markets," said Dr Shanthu Shantharam, a former GM crop regulator at the US Dept of Agriculture (USDA).

GMW comment: This looks like blackmail, or colonisation by contamination: "You're going to have Bt brinjal whether you like it or not, so you'd better make it official so you appear in control." Incidentally, we're told by someone who caught a TV report on the public hearing on Bt brinjal in Andhra Pradesh, that a farmer was quoted as saying he was also already growing Bt brinjal - Mahyco-Monsanto's patented crop for which there is no current regulatory approval.
http://gmwatch.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11902:biotechs-colonisation-by-contamination
http://bit.ly/cVhWce

+ THE CHAOS CALLED BT BRINJAL
In North Gujarat farmers are complaining that Maharashtra Hybrid Seed Company (Mahyco), a big-time promoter of the hybrid seeds, has provided some of them Bt brinjal seeds to 'try out' in their fields.
http://gmwatch.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11902:biotechs-colonisation-by-contamination
http://bit.ly/cVhWce
Similar reports from Maharashtra
ttp://bit.ly/c33zww

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FEEDING THE WORLD
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+ UK OVERSEAS AID IGNORES SMALL-SCALE AGRICULTURE
MPs have criticised the Department for International Development (DfID) for overseeing a decline in support for agriculture in international development and ignoring the needs of smallholder farmers who make up the bulk of food production in less industrialised countries.

A new report, “Why no thought for food?”, from the All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Agriculture and Food for Development, revealed that spending on agricultural programmes makes up just 3 per cent of DfID's annual aid expenditure.

Patrick Mulvany, senior policy advisor at Practical Action and part of the global agricultural NGO, The UK Food Group, said the MPs' report had sent a “wake-up call” to DfID to implement the findings of the International Assessment on Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development (IAASTD) report.

The IAASTD called for a move away from chemically intensive farming towards localised agroecological solutions. IAASTD failed to endorse GMOs as a way forward on the grounds that yields were “variable”. Yet DfID repeatedly champions GMOs for the third world and pours taxpayer money into their development and promotion.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11905:uk-overseas-aid-ignoring-small-scale-agriculture
http://bit.ly/aulh7c

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RESEARCH
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+ ANIMALS RAISED ON GM FEED ARE DIFFERENT
Animals fed on GM components ARE different from those reared on non-GM feed, according to an important review of the scientific literature by Prof Jack Heinemann. This is a direct challenge to EFSA and FSA, who have maintained that there are no differences between GM-fed and non-GM-fed animals and that there is no need for labelling or segregation of feed supplies to meet consumer demand for GM-free products.
Summary of the study’s findings:
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11841:are-animals-fed-gm-feed-different
http://bit.ly/7URhyQ
Download the full study: http://bit.ly/4HcJuJ

+ GM NO-TILL SEQUESTERS NO MORE CARBON THAN PLOUGHING
Ploughing soil releases carbon dioxide, and Monsanto and its supporters have long argued that this means GM no-till agriculture ("conservation tillage"), which avoids ploughing, is more climate-friendly.

Based on this, Monsanto is busy trying to get GM no-till recognised as a means of reducing CO2 emissions - a carbon sink. This would allow GM no-till to qualify as a carbon offset and so attract massive economic support.

However, the current scientific literature says that for carbon sequestration, no-till is no better than ploughing, according to a new review by the Union of Concerned Scientists. The apparent advantage for no-till in previous studies of carbon sequestration was an artifact of sampling carbon only near the soil surface.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11874:gm-no-till-sequesters-no-more-carbon-than-ploughing
http://bit.ly/bddu6I

+ ORGANIC AGRICULTURE BETTER FOR CLIMATE CHANGE
Organic agriculture stores more carbon in the soil than conventional agriculture. It has fewer greenhouse gas emissions than conventional agriculture because it doesn't use fossil fuel intensive pesticides or fertilizers. Its combination of expanded soil fertility and flexible crop rotations make it more adaptable to the effects of climate change and, in the case of developing countries, better suited to produce more food. These are the findings of a new paper by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Organic Agriculture and Carbon Sequestration.
Download the FOA paper from: http://ow.ly/YFSf

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REST OF THE MONTH’S NEWS
For those who do not receive our Weekly Watch.
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+ NEW ROTHAMSTED DIRECTOR IS PHARMA CROP MAN
GM pharma crop engineer Prof Maurice Moloney is the new director and chief executive of Rothamsted Research, a major UK agriculture research institute. Rothamsted is primarily funded by the public funding body, the BBSRC.

Moloney led the Californian-based group that developed the world’s first GM oilseeds, which resulted in RoundUp Ready canola. He holds over 300 patents in plant biotechnology and is chief scientific officer of SemBioSys Genetics, a company based in Calgary, Canada.

Commenting on the appointment, Soil Association policy manager Emma Hockridge highlighted the recent IAASTD report, which concluded that GM had little to offer in meeting the major global food and farming challenges. "What Rothamsted needs is someone who will cover the research agenda of agro-ecological farming, as identified by IAASTD," she said.

GMWatch described the appointment as "nothing short of a declaration of war on both public concern over GM crops and the conclusions of the IAASTD report".

GM Freeze said the appointment sent out "a very clear and unfortunate message as to which direction the BBSRC wishes to take agricultural research and development in the future".
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11862:anger-at-new-rothamsted-director
http://bit.ly/baJH4o
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11866:more-concern-over-new-rothamsted-ceo
http://bit.ly/bZIOsF

+ HEAD OF EFSA GMO PANEL MOVES TO SYNGENTA
The former head of the GMO Panel at the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Suzy Renckens, has moved directly into the genetic engineering industry - to a post at Syngenta - without any objections or restrictions being imposed by the authority.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11848:revolving-door-at-efsa
http://bit.ly/6jG7ix
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11858:close-efsas-open-doors-to-industry
http://bit.ly/5PkIzM

+ GATES FOUNDATION = MONSANTO
Former Union Carbide (responsible for the Bhopal disaster) and Monsanto man Sam Dryden is the new director of Agricultural Development at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Dryden also has ties to the World Bank, the Rockefeller Foundation, agrichem company Celgro and biotech firm Emergent Genetics.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11842:gates-man-ex-monsanto-ex-union-carbide
http://bit.ly/7qaXb1

+ LACK OF GMOs COSTS MILLIONS OF LIVES - UK FORMER CHIEF SCIENTIST
UK chief scientist Sir David King is at it again. On a previous occasion he claimed that the flood resistant rice going into farmers' fields was GM, when it is non-GM. Now, King has claimed that millions of lives have been lost due to the reluctance of some countries to accept GM crops. Speaking about flood-resistant rice, he said it would have been available much faster if it had been GM. But the truth is very different - the rice researchers tried to produce a GM variety and failed.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11857:lack-of-gmos-costs-lives-claims-leading-scientist
http://bit.ly/6fyG5W
http://gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11861:millions-have-died-over-gm-crops-king-
http://bit.ly/6cy6LL

+ U.S. REPORT ON ITALY AND GMOs IS DISINFORMATION
A USDA report claims that Italy is “the Achilles heel of the campaign to maintain Europe's defences against genetically modified crops”. The report claims that 65% of Italians support biotech and that the Vatican is a "vocal advocate" of GM crops as a way of easing hunger in Africa. Both claims are untrue. The following people and bodies have declared their opposition to GMOs: the Italian government’s minister for agriculture; 16 of Italy's 20 Regional Governments; the main farming union, Coldiretti; and many major retailers with a presence in Italy.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11854:us-gm-report-an-insult-to-truth-and-democracy
http://bit.ly/4Hruay
And far from endorsing GMOs, Pope Benedict XVI has stated, "The campaign to promote GM sowing, that pretends to grant food security [...] risks to ruin small farmers and to suppress their traditional crops, making them dependent on GM production companies." As for the Italian public, the most recent survey - carried out by Coldiretti-SWG in 2009 - found that nearly three out of four Italians (72%) believe that foods with GMOs are less healthy than conventional ones, up from 52% in 2003.
http://www.coldiretti.it/docindex/cncd/informazioni/047_10.htm

+ GM RICE IN CHINA - ANY CLOSER TO COMMERCIALISATION?
GM lobbyists have been claiming that China has flung the door open to GM rice, but this is far from true, according to an article for the Third World Network. http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11860:gm-rice-in-china-any-closer
http://bit.ly/7pfYZQ

+ FARMER SUICIDES AND BT COTTON NIGHTMARE UNFOLDING IN INDIA
New report by Dr Mae-Wan Ho:
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11838:farmer-suicides-and-bt-cotton-
http://bit.ly/7Wep7p
http://www.i-sis.org.uk/farmersSuicidesBtCottonIndia.php

+ GREENPEACE NOT BACKING DOWN ON GM
Contrary to recent claims by pro-GM lobbyists, Greenpeace is NOT "backing down on GMOs" - quite the opposite.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11844:greenpeace-qnot-backing-down-on-genetic-engineeringq
http://bit.ly/8yWYNv

+ SO MUCH FOR "SENSE" ABOUT SCIENCE
Every few months, the lobby group Sense About Science (SAS) issues a pamphlet that makes fun of celebrities getting their science wrong. Newspapers lap it up. The problem is, says Zac Goldsmith in an article for The Guardian, they have fallen into a trap. The organisation is suspect, being a spin-off of a bizarre political network that began life as the ultra-left Revolutionary Communist Party and switched over to extreme corporate libertarianism. http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11829:so-much-for-qsenseq-about-science
http://bit.ly/75HHPx
Lots more about Sense About Science: http://www.spinprofiles.org/index.php/Sense_About_Science

+ CANADIAN FLAX INDUSTRY MAY BE SHUT DOWN 3-5 YEARS DUE TO GM CONTAMINATION
The worst-case scenario for Canadian flax producers is that the industry will shut down for 3-5 years to purge whatever GM seed is already growing, says Barry Hall, president of the Flax Council of Canada. Canadian flax has been contaminated by a de-registered variety called Triffid, leading to massive market losses. Officials say Canada's $320 million industry is threatened.
http://www.cbc.ca/canada/manitoba/story/2010/01/20/mb-flax-triffid-manitoba.html

+ GM COTTON CROPS IN U.S. ARE USELESS
GM cotton crops in the US are becoming useless as weeds evolve a resistance to the herbicide glyphosate, says a report for ABC News. In the South, mutant weeds are becoming so bad that mechanical harvesters are being damaged, and weed control must be done by hand. Also, a new scientific study by a research team including Monsanto scientists has found that the herbicide resistant weed population could threaten GM crop technology.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11847:gm-cotton-crops-in-us-useless
http://bit.ly/8IYIQI
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11851:study-explains-development-of-superweeds
http://bit.ly/6XupLG
Video showing hand weeding:
http://abcnews.go.com/Video/playerIndex?id=8767877
More on the new study:
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11855:monsanto-funded-study-backs-pesticide-report
http://bit.ly/8ApJma

+ FAILING PEST CONTROL PUSHES BT COTTON COSTS HIGHER
The boll weevil and tobacco budworm are no longer economic pests in most areas of the Cotton Belt, but they've been replaced by secondary pests like the tarnished plant bug, which are proving costly bugs to control.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11852:failing-insect-control-pushes-bt-cotton-costs-higher
http://bit.ly/72fCAo

+ USDA DOESN'T WANT TO PUBLICIZE STUDIES SHOWING NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF ROUNDUP
Robert Kremer is a microbiologist with the US Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service and an adjunct professor in the Division of Plant Sciences at the University of Missouri. His and other scientists’ research has found that Roundup (glyphosate):
+increases a root fungi problem that seems to encourage sudden death syndrome (SDS) in soybeans and corn
+has toxic effects on microorganisms and can stimulate them to germinate spores and colonize root systems
+immobilize manganese, an essential plant micronutrient
+can be toxic to rhizobia, an important bacterium that fixes nitrogen
+increases infection with Fusarium fungi, some species of which produce mycotoxins that harm human and animal health
+can persist in soil and contaminate groundwater
+encourages the development of glyphosate-resistant weeds
+encourage a shift of microbial communities in the soil to more detrimental species.

Why isn't this information getting out to farmers and the public? Kremer says: "I was working with USDA-ARS to publish a news release about these studies. I've gone all the way to the administrators, but they are reluctant to put something out. Their thinking is that if farmers are using this (Roundup Ready) technology, USDA doesn't want negative information being released about it. This is how it is. I think the news release is still sitting on someone's desk."

Meanwhile, Kremer says attempts are ongoing to find a technofix for the problems that Roundup causes, such as supplementation of nutrients by foliar application. Understandably, he concludes, "I'm more interested in sustainable agriculture."
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11840:scientist-finding-many-negative-impacts-of-roundup-ready-gm-crops
http://bit.ly/8TUKgK

+ SELL MONSANTO SHARES - FORBES
http://bit.ly/7Hsqwt

+ MONSANTO'S "CORRUPT SCIENCE" IN GM ASSESSMENT
A report by Madeleine Love of MADGE Australia and submitted to the politicians of Western Australia and South Australia has revealed that "evidence" based on corrupt science has been accepted at face value by regulators across the globe prior to the issuing of consents for RR canola commercialization and feed and food use.
http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11849:monsantos-qcorrupt-scienceq-in-gm-assessment
http://bit.ly/8gP04U